Alcohols are molecules with an OH functional group. They can undergo a variety of reactions including oxidation, esterification,...

Alcohols are molecules with an OH functional group. There are a variety of ways to synthesize alcohols including alkene reactions, SN2...

One of the constituents of turpentine is a-pinene, formula C10 H16. The following scheme (called a “road map”) gives some reactions of...

In contact with a platinum catalyst, an unknown alkene reacts with three equivalents of hydrogen gas to give 1-isopropyl-...

Synthesis of alkynes involves a double elimination reaction. Remember that we use elimination to make a double bond. We have to do two...

Acetylide ion is created by the deprotonation of terminal acetylene (triple bond at the end of the chain) by a very strong base such as...

1. Hydrohalogenation The reagent for this reaction is HX, where X is either Cl, Br or I. Product: Turn double bond into single and add X (halogen) to the MOST substituted carbon from the double bond (Markovnikov rule). Warning: Rearrangements are possible! hydrohalogenation predict the product The reaction is also called addition of hydrogen halides to alkenes. 2. Acid Catalyzed Hydration Of Alkenes The reagent is H2O with any catalytic acid such as H2SO4. Examples are: H2O/H

Both E1 and E2 reactions are elimination reactions. This means they produce a double bond in the product. The chart below summarizes key...

Before we start our discussion of the SN1 and SN2 reactions, let's get introduced to some of the terms. Both reactions are nucleophilic substitution reactions. What that means is that a nucleophile will replace (substitute) something in the starting material. What does it replace? A leaving group. The molecule with the leaving group is called a substrate (starting material). SN1 versus SN2 Summary Chart The chart above summarizes both reactions and major differences between

Enantiomers are molecules that are nonsuperimposable mirror images of one another. This the official definition but we will use some tips...